Benoît Visseaux, Vincent N’Dreu, Vincent Vieillefond, Stéphanie Haim-Boukobza, Jean-Marc Gianolli, Alexandra Jacques, Maria T. Nunes, Claire Nour Abou Chakra, Bruno Lina, Laurence Josset, Marie Anne Rameix-Welti, and Jean-Sébastien Casalegno, clinical pathologists and researchers at the Cerba Laboratory, RELAB study group, Biogroup, Pasteur Institute , HCL, and Cerballiance.

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Between September 2023 and June 2024, the RELAB network conducted a large-scale epidemiological study based on nearly 490,000 multiplex PCR tests carried out within a large network of community medical laboratories in France. This real-time analysis made it possible to compare the circulation of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza, and SARS-CoV-2.
The results reveal a significantly lower incidence of RSV than SARS-CoV-2 and influenza, but highlight a high circulation of this virus among infants aged zero to five months, as well as among people over 65 years of age. The study also shows that children play a “starter” role in the onset of epidemics, with a rapid decline in cases, unlike influenza, which has a more persistent spread. These observations are accompanied by a specific distribution of RSV subtypes according to age and periods of circulation, confirming distinct epidemiological profiles for each virus.